This is an appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in a patent infringement action that Scanner Technologies Corp. ("Scanner") brought against ICOS Vision Systems Corp. ("ICOS") in July 2000. ICOS denied infringement and counterclaimed seeking a declaratory judgment of noninfringement, invalidity, and unenforceability. After this court reviewed the district court's Markman ruling in a 2004 interlocutory appeal, Scanner Technologies Corp. v. ICOS Vision Systems Corp., N.V., 365 F.3d 1299, 1300 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ("Scanner I"), the district court, on remand, held a bench trial on infringement, validity and enforceability in March 2005. The district court rendered its findings of fact and conclusions of law in a May 22, 2007 opinion. Scanner Techs. Corp. v. Icos Vision Sys. Corp., N.V., 486 F. Supp. 2d 330 (S.D.N.Y. 2007) ("Scanner II"). The district court entered final judgment on June 1, 2007, finding the asserted patents unenforceable, invalid for obviousness, and not infringed. The final judgment also included a provision that rendered related patents, derived from the same common parent application, unenforceable. Scanner appeals the district court's final judgment. For the reasons stated below, we affirm in part, reverse in part, and vacate in part.